Get Prepared for Your Civil-Engineering-Technology Exam With Actual 112 Questions
Valid Civil-Engineering-Technology Test Answers Full-length Practice Certification Exams
NEW QUESTION # 42
What material property is measured by a sieve analysis?
- A. Gradation
- B. Mass
- C. Angularity
- D. Moisture density
Answer: A
Explanation:
Sieve analysis is the standard laboratory procedure used to determine theparticle size distributionof granular materials by passing a representative dry sample through a stack of sieves with progressively smaller openings and measuring the mass retained on each sieve. The result is a gradation curve (percent passing vs.
sieve size) that characterizes whether the material is well-graded, poorly graded, or gap graded, and it is foundational for specifying aggregates for concrete, asphalt, base course, and filters. Civil engineering materials references identify sieve analysis as the test used to determinegradationand classify soils
/aggregates by size ranges. Angularity is a shape characteristic not measured by sieve analysis; moisture- density relates to compaction testing; and "mass" is a measured quantity in the procedure, but the material property being determined is thegradation (particle size distribution). Therefore, the correct answer isD.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Which of the following tests are required as part of soil grain size analysis?
- A. Sieve analysis for fine grains and Atterberg limit tests for coarse grains
- B. Sieve analysis for coarse grains and Atterberg limit tests for fine grains
- C. Sieve analysis for coarse grains and hydrometer test for fine grains
- D. Sieve analysis for fine grains and hydrometer test for coarse grains
Answer: C
Explanation:
Soilgrain size analysisdetermines the particle-size distribution across coarse and fine fractions. Coarse particles (sand and gravel) are sized bysieve analysis, where the sample is passed through a stack of sieves and the mass retained on each sieve is measured to build the gradation curve. Fine particles (silt and clay) are too small for practical sieving and are therefore sized usingsedimentation methods, most commonly the hydrometer test, which infers particle sizes from settling velocity in a suspension. This combined approach (sieve for coarse, hydrometer for fines) is standard in civil geotechnical testing programs because it produces a continuous particle-size distribution needed for soil classification and engineering assessment. Atterberg limits (LL/PL) areconsistency/plasticitytests for fine-grained soils-not grain size tests-so they are not the required fine-fraction method for grain-size analysis. Therefore, the correct combination for grain size analysis issieve analysis for coarse grains and hydrometer test for fine grains.
NEW QUESTION # 44
A 500 mm diameter corrugated steel culvert conveys storm water under a road. The inlet end projects from the road embankment fill. How much flow (m³/s) can the culvert handle before the headwater depth is greater than the culvert diameter?
- A. 0.2 m³/s
- B. 20 m³/s
- C. 2.0 m³/s
- D. 200 m³/s
Answer: A
Explanation:
For a projecting inlet, the controlling condition is typicallyinlet controlat relatively low headwater ratios.
Using the FHWA/HDS-5 style inlet-control nomographs reproduced in the Minnesota DOT Drainage Manual (Chart 2: "Headwater depth for C.M. pipe culverts with inlet control"), a corrugated metal pipe (CMP) with a diameter near500 mm (# 20 in.)and aprojectingentrance type corresponds to a discharge on the order of~7 cfs whenHW/D # 1.0(headwater approximately equal to the culvert diameter). Converting 7 cfs to SI givesm³/s.
This magnitude is consistent with the inlet-control relationship that headwater increases with discharge for a given culvert diameter and entrance configuration, and that small culverts (0.5 m) carry flows measured in tenths of m³/s, not multiple m³/s at HW/D # 1.
NEW QUESTION # 45
What are the coordinates of the valve in the imagebelow?
- A. N 4507.25, E75, E 3345.23
- B. N 4512.25, E 3345.73
- C. N 4507.25, E 3345.73
Answer: A
Explanation:
On utility/site drawings, appurtenances such as valves are commonly identified by a symbol and associated callouts that provideNorthing (N)andEasting (E)coordinates. The correct coordinate pair is taken directly from the plan's valve label/callout corresponding to that specific symbol, not from nearby features or grid ticks. In the provided image, the valve's callout indicates a northing value beginning with4507and an easting value beginning with3350, which uniquely matches optionN 4507.25, E 3350.23. Construction surveying guidance notes that stakes/marks and field layout information are used to communicate precise location and grade, and coordinate-based layout is a standard method to reproduce design positions in the field. Therefore, selecting the coordinate pair that matches the valve's annotated northing and easting on the plan is the correct approach.
NEW QUESTION # 46
A gas fireplace has been installed by the general contractor's sub-trade. After numerous repair attempts, it is still not operating properly. How should the owner correct the problem?
- A. Ask the sub-trade to review and correct the entire installation.
- B. Contact the fireplace manufacturer for assistance.
- C. Engage a new mechanical contractor for repairs and back-charge the general contractor.
- D. Ask the general contractor to review and correct the installation.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Under standard construction contracting practice, thegeneral contractor (prime contractor)is responsible for the overall delivery of the work, including coordination and quality of subcontractors' work and correction of deficiencies that fall under the contract's quality obligations and warranty requirements. Warranties are specifically described as requiring the contractor to repair or replace deficient work within a specified period at the contractor's expense. Since the subcontractor is contractually accountable to the general contractor (not directly to the owner in a typical arrangement), the owner's most effective and proper route is to require the general contractorto address the deficiency, manage the subcontractor, and ensure the system performs as required. Escalating directly to a new contractor and back-charging can be possible, but it is typically a later remedy after formal notice and contract procedures. Contacting the manufacturer may help diagnose, but it does not replace contractual responsibility for correction. Therefore, the correct action is toask the general contractor to review and correct the installation.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Which of the following images shows the appropriate tool to measure the slump of concrete?
- A. Option A
- B. Option B
- C. Option D
- D. Option C
Answer: D
Explanation:
Concreteslumpis measured using theslump cone (Abrams cone)apparatus and tamping rod in accordance with standard procedures (e.g., ASTM C143). The test measures the vertical "settlement" of fresh concrete after a cone-shaped mold is filled in layers, consolidated (rodded), struck off, and then lifted vertically so the concrete subsides; the drop in height is the slump. TheEssentials of Civil Engineering Materialstext describes the slump test as forming a specimen inside ametal cone, removing the cone, and measuring how much the top settles ("slumps"), and it outlines the typical steps: wet the cone, fill in layers, tamp with a rod, strike off, and measure the slump. The correct tool set therefore is the image that shows theslump cone with base and tamping rod, which corresponds toOption C.
NEW QUESTION # 48
If a controlled product is used, stored, handled, or manufactured at a work site, what documents should be discussed at safety meetings with workers?
- A. Product Colour Board Samples
- B. Product Application Procedures
- C. Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)
- D. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Answer: D
Explanation:
Controlled products (hazardous products) require workers to understand the hazards, safe handling, storage, PPE, first aid, spill response, and emergency measures. The document that communicates this hazard and control information for each product is theMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)(now commonly SDS under GHS, but MSDS remains widely referenced in training/exams). Safety systems require that these sheets be readily accessible and that workers be informed/trained on the hazards and controls associated with the products they use. EM 385-1-1 requires hazard communication, including that hazardous chemical information be available and communicated to personnel, and that safety meetings/training address hazard controls and safe work practices. In the WHMIS framework, WHMIS is the overall system, while the MSDS
/SDS is the specificproduct documentdiscussed and referenced for each controlled product. Therefore, the correct choice isMaterial Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
NEW QUESTION # 49
A civil engineering technologist has been given the task of drawing a foundation plan for a building that measures 20 m × 30 m. The drawing will be produced on a C1 sized sheet, which measures 648 mm × 917 mm. Which of the following is the best scale for the plan?
- A. 1:50
- B. 1:25
- C. 1:5
- D. 1:250
Answer: A
Explanation:
Selecting a drawing scale is an engineering graphics task: the plan must fit within the sheet limits after allowing for borders, title block, notes, dimensions, and details. Engineering drawing practice treats scale as a proportional reduction ratio that preserves geometric similarity between the real object and the drawing. A 20 m × 30 m footprint equals 20,000 mm × 30,000 mm. At 1:50, the plotted size is 400 mm × 600 mm, which fits comfortably on a 648 mm × 917 mm sheet with room for margins and annotations. At 1:25, the plotted size becomes 800 mm × 1,200 mm, which exceeds the sheet. At 1:5, it is far too large; at 1:250, it is very small (80 mm × 120 mm), reducing readability for foundations that typically require clear dimensioning of footings, piles, grade beams, and notes. Therefore, 1:50 provides the best balance of fit and legibility for a C1 sheet, makingOption Cthe best scale choice.
NEW QUESTION # 50
In the middle of the project, the client proposed an additional scope of work that requires a change order to the contract. Which statement applies to the contractor's percentage fee (i.e., mark-up) that should be added to the total amount in the change order?
- A. It varies depending on the size of the change contract.
- B. It is determined by the owner.
- C. It is specified in the contract documents.
- D. It is determined by the contractor.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A change order is a formal amendment to the contract that adjusts scope, price, and/or time under therules already established by the contract documents. The contractor's fee (markup for overhead and profit) is not typically set unilaterally mid-project by either party; instead, the contract commonly defines how change work is priced (lump sum, unit rates, time-and-material) and what allowable markups apply. Industry guidance on change-order costing notes that the markup percentage is oftenincluded up front in the construction contractand applied consistently to change work, ensuring transparency and avoiding disputes during administration. This approach is consistent with standard contract administration practice: pricing of changes is governed by contract terms, and the change order documents implement those terms for a specific modification. Therefore, the contractor's percentage fee to be added to the change order amount isspecified in the contract documents.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Which soil test identifies the minimum water content at which the soil begins to crumble?
- A. Permeability limit
- B. Liquid limit
- C. Plastic limit
- D. Shrinkage limit
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Atterberg litent boundaries between consistency states of fine-grained soils. Theplastic limit (PL)is the water content at the boundary between theplasticandsemi-solidstates-below this moisture condition, the soil can no longer be rolled/deformed withoutcrumbling, indicating it has transitioned out of the plastic range.
Civil engineering references define PL explicitly as the water content corresponding to the transition between the semi-solid and plastic state (i.e., the lower boundary of plastic behavior). Similarly, soils testing references define PL as the boundary between plastic and semi-solid states (with liquid limit defining plastic-to-liquid boundary).
NEW QUESTION # 52
What personal protective equipment is most important when surveying near active traffic?
- A. High-visibility vest
- B. Safety glasses
- C. Leather gloves
- D. Hearing protection
Answer: A
Explanation:
Surveying near live traffic exposes workers to struck-by hazards from vehicles and mobile equipment. Safety requirements for such environments prioritize making personnel conspicuous to drivers and equipment operators. The USACE Safety and Health Requirements Manual (EM 385-1-1) explicitly requireshigh- visibility apparel(minimum ANSI/ISEA Class 2) for workers such assurvey crews and inspectorswhen exposed to vehicular or equipment traffic, limited visibility, reduced visibility conditions, or when working close to traffic without protective barriers. This directly matches the scenario (surveying near active traffic) and identifies high-visibility apparel as the key PPE to reduce struck-by risk by improving detection and recognition of workers. While eye, hand, and hearing protection may be needed depending on hazards, the most critical single PPE item for traffic-adjacent surveying is thehigh-visibility vest/apparelrequired for worker visibility and traffic safety controls.
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which factor aggravates a freeze-thaw cycle and contributes to asphalt pavement deterioration?
- A. Maximum aggregate size in the sub-base
- B. Type of oil in the asphalt
- C. Poor drainage
- D. Compaction during construction
Answer: C
Explanation:
Freeze-thaw pavement damage is driven bywater presencein cracks/voids and repeated freezing and thawing. When water enters pavement cracks and freezes, it expands and worsens cracking; repeated cycles promote disintegration and pothole formation. Poor drainage increases theavailability and residence time of waterin the pavement structure, so more water can infiltrate cracks and remain trapped in layers, intensifying freeze-thaw action and accelerating deterioration. This mechanism is consistent with documented observations that water entering cracks, freezing, and thawing expands cracks and breaks bonding, leading to potholes and rapid local deterioration under traffic. Therefore, among the given choices, the factor that most directly aggravates freeze-thaw cycles and contributes to asphalt deterioration ispoor drainage.
NEW QUESTION # 54
A civil engineering technologist who works for a structural consulting firm discovered a conflict between the design and existing site conditions during the construction stage of the project. What type of site instruction should the technologist provide to the contractor to resolve the conflict?
- A. Electrical
- B. Mechanical
- C. Architectural
- D. Structural
Answer: D
Explanation:
A site instruction must be issued by the discipline responsible for the design scope affected by the conflict.
Here, the technologist works for astructural consulting firm, and the issue is a conflict between the structural designand existing site conditions discovered during construction. Structural conflicts may involve member sizes/locations, bearing details, reinforcement, connections, or foundation interfaces; correcting these requires structural review and direction to maintain code compliance and safety. Construction-phase administration practice is that deviations or conflicts identified on site are documented and routed to the responsible professional for resolution and issuance of direction consistent with the design intent. Because the conflict is within structural scope and must be resolved by structural engineering authority, the appropriate site instruction type isStructural.
NEW QUESTION # 55
A civil engineering technologist is completing quality control for a municipal design. When checking design calculations, the technologist notices errors in the design and final design drawings made by a senior structural engineer. The technologist suspects that the errors may result in the failure of a suspended slab/roof car parking area. What should be the primary consideration in this situation?
- A. Conflict of interest should be disclosed to the client.
- B. Responsibility for professional assignments is undertaken only after sufficient training and experience has been obtained.
- C. Safety, health, and welfare of the public are of most importance.
- D. Experience of a senior structural engineer should be considered.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Engineering ethics and professional duty prioritizepublic protectionover hierarchy, convenience, or reputational concerns. Civil engineering ethics guidance explicitly states that engineers shallhold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public, and that when professional judgment is overruled under circumstances endangering public welfare, the engineer is expected to notify the client or appropriate authority. This principle is repeated in civil engineering professional canons (e.g., ASCE Fundamental Canon
1) and is treated as the primary criterion even when it conflicts with other pressures. In this scenario, suspected structural failure risk for a public parking slab/roof is a direct life-safety concern; therefore the technologist's primary consideration must be ensuring the issue is elevated and addressed to prevent unsafe construction or operation. Other factors (seniority, conflict disclosure, competence) may be relevant in process, but none outweigh the overriding requirement to protect the public. Hence,Option Cis correct.
NEW QUESTION # 56
Typically, what is the maximum time that concrete can be in a mixer truck before it is discharged?
- A. 2-3 hours
- B. Under 2 hours
- C. 3-4 hours
- D. Over 4 hours
Answer: B
Explanation:
Ready-mixed concrete must be placed and discharged within a controlled time window to ensure workability and performance are not compromised by slump loss, early setting, or excess mixing. Historically, widely used industry standards and guidance for ready-mixed concrete commonly referenced a90-minutedischarge limit (or equivalent revolutions limit) from the start of mixing to completion of discharge, unless otherwise specified by project requirements. A 90-minute rule falls clearly within "under 2 hours," making that option the best match to typical industry practice reflected in technical discussion and standards commentary. While some newer editions of ASTM C94 allow the purchaser and producer to establish a project-specific limit, the traditional default guidance that many practitioners associate with mixer-truck discharge remains well under two hours. Therefore, the correct selection among the provided options isUnder 2 hours.
NEW QUESTION # 57
A contractor fails to make the necessary repairs on the deficiency list within the specified timeline and refuses to return to the site. How should the owner proceed in this situation?
- A. Have a civil engineering technologist confirm that the deficiencies were correctly documented.
- B. Ask another contractor to come to the site to complete the work.
- C. Engage the contractor's performance bond to resolve the issue.
- D. Correct the deficiencies at the owner's cost.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A performance bond is a form ofperformance securityintended to protect the owner (obligee) if the contractor defaults on contractual obligations-such as refusing to return to correct deficiencies. Guidance on construction bonds explains that performance bonds provide the employer/owner a remedy when a contractor fails to fulfill obligations, allowing the owner to access bond proceeds or require the surety's involvement to address non-performance (often to fund completion/correction or compel action, subject to bond terms and notice requirements). Practical bond guidance also notes that the presence (or threat) of a bond call can be used to persuade a contractor to return to site to correct defects, and that bonds are specifically used to address contractor default. Therefore, when a contractor refuses to return and deficiencies remain unresolved within the required timeline, the appropriate owner action-following the bond's procedural requirements-is to engage the contractor's performance bond.
NEW QUESTION # 58
A civil engineering technologist is performing a concrete test on a site. What minimum number of cylinders should the technologist make?
- A. One
- B. Three
- C. Four
- D. Five
Answer: C
Explanation:
Concrete compressive strength is verified using standardized specimens that represent the delivered concrete.
A typical field/lab testing program preparesa set of cylindersso strength can be checked at standard ages and so at least one specimen remains available if a test is invalid or confirmation is required. InExperiment Design for Civil Engineering, the compressive strength procedure explicitly states thatsets of four cylindersshould be prepared and thenone cylinder from each setis tested at7, 14, 21, and 28 days. This "four-cylinder set" directly supports the minimum needed to obtain a time-history of strength development through the common curing ages used in practice and referenced by ASTM C39 age tolerances. While many projects may require additional cylinders (for 7-day early breaks, hold cylinders, or additional acceptance tests), the question asks theminimumnumber, and the documented testing set described isfour.
NEW QUESTION # 59
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